Wst02 - Recycled aggregates

(1 credit available)

Aim

To recognise and encourage the use of recycled and secondary aggregates, thereby reducing the demand for virgin material and optimising material efficiency in construction.

Assessment criteria

The following is required to demonstrate compliance:

One credit - Recycled aggregates

1

At least 25% of the high grade aggregate uses (within the development) are provided by secondary or recycled aggregate. This percentage can be measured using either weight or volume.

2

The recycled or secondary aggregates are EITHER

2.a

Construction, demolition and excavation waste obtained on site or off-site OR

2.b

Secondary aggregates (see Relevant definitions)

Exemplary level criteria

The following outlines the exemplary level criteria to achieve an innovation credit for this BREEAM issue.

3

Where the total amount of recycled or secondary aggregate specified is greater than 50% (by weight or volume) of the total high grade aggregate specified for the project.

4

The contributing recycled or secondary aggregate must not be transported more than 30km by road transport.

Checklists and tables

None.

Compliance notes

Ref	Terms	Description
Shell and core (non-residential and residential institutions only)
CN1	Applicable assessment criteria	Both options: All criteria relevant to the building type and function apply. Refer to Appendix D – Shell and core project assessments for a more detailed description of the shell and core assessment options.
Residential - Partially fitted and fully fitted
CN2	Applicable assessment criteria - Single and multiple dwellings	Both options: All criteria relevant to the building type and function apply. Refer to Appendix E – Applicability of BREEAM New Construction to single and multiple dwellings, partially and fully fitted for a more detailed description of residential assessment options.
General
CN3	Recycled aggregates in concrete	Where national building regulations limit the use of recycled aggregates in concrete (typically applicable to bound aggregate uses as listed), the onus for achieving this credit is on the unbound uses (please note that the total aggregate figure must still include the bound uses).
CN3.1	National restrictions on the use of recycled aggregates	In countries where the use of recycled aggregates is restricted, this credit cannot be achieved by default. In countries where there is a maximum permitted regulatory level of less than 50% recycled aggregate, the exemplary credit can be achieved where the percentage of recycled aggregates used is greater than or equal to 35%. Where there is no maximum regulatory level, the 50% requirement must be achieved in order to award this credit.
CN3.2	National best practice guidance on defining granular fill and capping as a high grade use	The ASWL will confirm any approved national standards regarding the use of high grade materials. Where none have been approved, Checklist A6 should be used to confirm compliance. This should then be submitted to BRE for approval and the ASWL will be updated.
CN3.3	Off-site recycled aggregates	Where off-site recycled aggregates from construction, demolition and excavation waste are used, they should be produced according to the relevant standards for aggregates.
CN3.4	Aggregates in off-site manufactured applications	Where high grade aggregate uses have been incorporated into applications manufactured off-site, the aggregate present in these applications should be included in the assessment of this issue.
CN3.5	Air-cooled blast furnace slag as a secondary aggregate	Air-cooled blast furnace slag is classified as a byproduct (rather than a waste) and can therefore be used as an aggregate without the need for a quality protocol. The slag used must meet the requirements of the European and aggregates standards that apply to the end use application (e.g. bitumen bound, unbound etc.).

Methodology

None.

Evidence

Criteria	Interim design stage	Final post-construction stage
All	Relevant section and clauses of the building specification or contract. Project team calculations. Documentation confirming the source of recycled or secondary aggregates and that the required amount can be provided. Appropriate documentation for the Approved standards and weightings list, e.g. specification, standards etc.	Calculations detailing the weights (or volumes) and types of aggregate provided for each application. Delivery notes (or confirmation from the supplier) of the types and quantities of aggregates provided on site. Confirmation that the materials meet the appropriate standard as defined in the Approved standards and weightings list.

Additional information

Relevant definitions

High Grade aggregate uses

High Grade aggregate uses are considered to be:

Bound

1. Structural frame
2. Floor slabs including ground floor slabs
3. Bitumen or hydraulically bound base, binder, and surface courses for paved areas and roads.

Unbound

1. Asphalt-based or similar road surfaces
2. Granular fill and capping
3. Pipe bedding
4. Sub bases and building foundations
5. Gravel landscaping.

Low grade aggregate uses

Crushed masonry used as fill material for general landscaping is not considered to be high grade. This practice is now common place on construction sites due to increased landfill costs.

Recycled aggregates

Recycled aggregates are those derived from reprocessing materials previously used in construction, e.g. crushed concrete or masonry from construction and demolition waste material.

Secondary aggregates

1. China clay waste
2. Slate overburden
3. Pulverised Fuel Ash (PFA)
4. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS)
5. Air-cooled blast furnace slag
6. Steel slag
7. Furnace Bottom Ash (FBA)
8. Incinerator bottom ash
9. Foundry sands
10. Recycled glass
11. Recycled plastic
12. Spent oil shale
13. Colliery spoil
14. Municipal solid waste treatment residues.

Other information

None.

BREEAM International New Construction 2016
Reference: SD233 – Issue: 2.0
Date: 03/07/2017
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